資料探勘是因為海量有用資料快速增長的產物。使用計算機進行歷史資料分析,1960年代數字方式採集資料已經實現。1980年代,關聯式資料庫隨著能夠適應動態按需分析資料的結構化查詢語言發展起來。資料倉儲開始用來儲存大量的資料。因為面臨處理資料庫中大量資料的挑戰,於是資料探勘應運而生,對於這些問題,它的主要方法是資料統計分析和人工智慧搜尋技術。
資料探勘(Data mining)的定義,是一個跨學科的電腦科學分支 。它是用機器學習和資料庫的交叉方法在相對較大型的資料集中發現模式的計算過程。資料探勘過程的總體目標是從一個資料集中提取資訊,並將其轉換成可理解的結構,以進一步使用。除了原始分析步驟,它還涉及到資料庫和資料管理方面、資料預處理、模型與推斷方面考量、興趣度度量、複雜度的考慮,以及發現結構、視覺化及線上更新等後處理。
資料探勘是「資料庫知識發現」(Knowledge-Discovery in Databases,KDD)的分析步驟 ,本質上屬於機器學習的範疇。資料探勘利用一個龐大數據庫建立模型(Model),並從中找出隱藏的特殊關聯性及特徵。例如:某公司握有自身客戶的資訊(包含:年齡、資產、交易頻率、交易量等),利用此資料庫找出其客戶消費的模式、習慣,並據此將客戶群分類,藉此針對不同客群做出精準行銷。
資料探勘所建立的模型可分為六種:
- 分類分析(Classification):根據資料的屬性採用樹狀結構建立決策模型。透過研究數據庫中的特徵,將已知資料做出分類,並根據已知的特徵預測未經分類的新進數據。像客戶群分類。
- 分群分析(Clustering):和分類分析的概念相似,把相似的物件通過靜態分類的方法分成不同的組別或者更多的子集(subset),這樣讓在同一個子集中的成員物件都有相似的一些屬性,。
- 迴歸分析(Regression):就是“由果索因”的過程,是一種歸納的思想,透過一系列的現有數據去預測未知數據的可能值。例如:我們可以透過分析某一地區多筆房地產交易的數據庫(包含:坪數、地點、房型、交易金額等),對另一個未售出的房產做出成交金額預測。
- 時間序列分析(Time Series Forecasting):和迴歸分析的概念相同,也是藉由已知的數據來預測未來數據的可能值。其不同點在於:時間序列分析模型中的數據中必須含有時間關聯性。透過時間序列分析,可得知事件沿著時間軸(如季節性、節日、過去與未來的相關性)所產生的變化情形,進一步使用歷史資料來預測未來趨勢。
- 關聯分析(Association): 是分析數據庫中各資料彼此相依的機率,通常被用來分析公司各產品被同時購買的關係與頻率。例如:某顧客在已經購買該品牌洗髮精的情況下,同時購買該品牌潤髮乳的機率。
- 順序型態分析(Sequential Pattern Analysis): 與關聯分析相似,只是順序型態分析中的數據中具有次序及時間的關係。例如:某顧客在已經購買該品牌洗髮乳後,一周後再度購買潤髮乳所發生的機率。
參考資料
- INSIDE–什麼是資料探勘(Data Mining)?https://www.inside.com.tw/article/6755-what-is-data-mining
作者:劉德泰

現職:
1111人力銀行數位策略顧問
17Sharing.org公益知識分享平台發起人
經歷:
緯育股份有限公司 總經理
資訊工業策進會數位教育研究所 主任
經濟部工業局「國家型數位學習與典藏產業推動計畫」-協同計畫主持人
經濟部工業局「國際化軟體人才暨產業技師培育計畫」-計畫主持人
中華民國數位學習學會常務監事
Kingdom Market url tor darknet market
darkmarket url dark markets 2022
darkmarket link darknet market
deep web markets darkmarket 2022
darknet market dark web links
darknet market lists deep web drug url
darknet drug market darkmarket list
darknet drug store deep web drug links
best darknet markets tor market links
dark market url dark web drug marketplace
drug markets onion darknet market
darknet marketplace best darknet markets
dark web market dark web drug marketplace
darkmarket 2022 tor market url
tor marketplace dark markets
dark web links darknet site
darkmarket list darkmarket url
darkmarket deep web drug store
darkmarket url tor dark web
darknet websites darkmarket link
dark web sites links dark markets 2022
tor market tor markets
deep web drug links dark web market links
dark market darkmarkets
onion market darkweb marketplace
deep web markets dark markets 2022
dark websites darkmarket 2022
darknet websites dark market 2022
bitcoin dark web darkweb marketplace
darknet drug store darknet markets
darknet drug store darkmarket 2022
darknet drug market dark market
drug markets onion darkmarket url
darkmarket 2022 dark markets
darknet drug store deep web drug links
tor markets dark web drug marketplace
tor market url darkmarket list
darknet sites darknet websites
darknet markets deep web drug store
darknet marketplace dark web markets
drug markets dark web dark market 2022
dark markets darkmarket 2022
darknet market list darkmarket link
dark market 2022 darknet market links
tor market url tor market links
deep web drug markets deep web drug markets
darknet drug store dark market 2022
darknet drug market darknet markets
darknet market darknet site
dark market onion darkmarket link
darkmarkets dark markets 2022
dark market 2022 darknet market list
tor market links dark web market list
darkmarket link dark market 2022
dark web market links dark markets 2022
darknet websites darknet drug links
dark markets 2022 dark market 2022
darknet market dark web market links
dark markets 2022 dark web drug marketplace
darknet drug store best darknet markets
tor marketplace darknet market lists
darkmarket list dark market onion
darkmarket 2022 drug markets onion
darknet drug store deep dark web
darknet markets tor darknet
darknet market lists dark market
darknet markets best darknet markets
darknet marketplace dark web market list
onion market darknet marketplace
tor markets tor market
dark web sites links darknet marketplace
deep web drug links darkweb marketplace
deep web drug links dark websites
tor market links darknet market list
tor market darknet markets
dark web market links tor darknet
darkmarket 2022 darkmarket url
dark market link deep web drug store
dark markets 2022 darkmarket
darknet marketplace dark market 2022
darknet market links deep dark web
drug markets dark web dark market 2022
deep web drug markets dark web links
onion market darkmarket 2022
dark web market links darknet drug store
dark web sites links dark web market
darknet markets dark web link
drug markets dark web tor dark web
dark market list dark web sites
bitcoin dark web dark web market links
tor markets links dark market 2022
darknet drug links darknet drug store
drug markets onion tor markets
dark market list tor markets links
darknet site darkmarket link
darknet websites best darknet markets
tor dark web dark web sites
tor dark web deep web markets
deep web drug markets darknet marketplace
tor markets 2022 tor market
darkweb marketplace darkmarkets
tor market darkmarkets
tor markets deep web drug links
tor markets links deep web drug store
dark web drug marketplace darknet drug links
darknet market darknet market lists
tor markets darkmarket 2022
tor markets 2022 dark market url
dark web sites tor markets
dark market darkmarket list
tor market darknet drug market
drug markets dark web tor markets 2022
dark market darknet websites
deep web drug markets deep web drug store
deep web markets dark web link
dark web market tor marketplace
dark market url deep web drug links
darkmarket list tor market url
darkmarket list dark web links
dark web link drug markets dark web
deep web markets best darknet markets
tor markets links darknet sites
darknet markets dark market link
deep web drug url dark markets 2022
darkmarkets darknet websites
darknet market list dark markets 2022
deep web drug url dark market
tor market tor darknet
darkmarket 2022 darkmarket list
onion market dark web sites links
dark websites best darknet markets
darknet marketplace dark market url
dark market list darknet markets
onion market bitcoin dark web
tor markets 2022 darkmarket 2022
darknet sites dark web link
dark web links tor markets links
dark market list deep web drug store
darknet market deep dark web
dark web market tor market url
dark web sites tor markets 2022
tor markets 2022 dark markets 2022
dark market darknet drug market
tor markets 2022 darknet websites
darkweb marketplace tor darknet
darkmarket onion market
darknet market lists deep web drug markets
darknet drug links drug markets dark web
tor market url dark market list
tor markets 2022 dark web market
tor market url darknet market list
darknet drug links darkmarket 2022
dark web link dark web markets
darkweb marketplace tor market links
dark web links dark web link
tor market darknet drug market
darknet markets deep web drug store
dark web market list darkmarket list
darknet market darknet market links
darknet drug links darknet market lists
darknet markets dark web market links
deep dark web darkmarket list
deep dark web tor market url
tor markets links dark web links
dark web sites links deep web markets
deep web drug links tor market
drug markets dark web darknet drug market
darknet drug market tor market links
dark web link darknet market links
drug markets onion darknet marketplace
drug markets onion tor dark web
dark market url darknet market
dark web links tor marketplace
dark web market list tor market url
tor dark web dark market list
dark web links darknet marketplace
darknet site deep web drug links
dark web link tor market url
deep web drug url drug markets onion
tor market url tor marketplace
darknet market darknet drug links
darkmarket deep web drug links
darkmarket 2022 dark market onion
dark web drug marketplace dark market 2022
darkmarket url dark web link
dark web market dark web market
darknet marketplace drug markets dark web
dark web sites links dark web market links
dark markets 2022 darknet drug store
deep web drug store dark web link
dark web market darknet websites
dark web sites links darkmarket link
dark market list dark market
tor market tor marketplace
darknet drug links dark websites
darknet drug store bitcoin dark web
darkmarket list dark web sites links
tor marketplace dark web market links
tor darknet darknet market links
dark markets 2022 darknet sites
darknet drug market dark web markets
darkmarket 2022 dark market onion
dark market link bitcoin dark web
dark market deep web drug links
best darknet markets deep web markets
dark market onion market
deep web markets dark markets
darkmarket dark market link
best darknet markets drug markets onion
darknet markets deep web markets
dark web link tor market
darknet drug links dark markets 2022
tor marketplace dark market onion
darknet sites drug markets onion
dark web links dark web market list
drug markets onion tor darknet
deep web drug url darknet market
tor markets darknet drug links
dark market url onion market
drug markets onion darknet site
drug markets onion dark web sites
darkmarket url darkmarket 2022
dark web links dark market list
darknet market links darkmarkets
drug markets onion dark markets 2022
dark market onion darkmarket link
deep web drug markets tor market links
best darknet markets deep web drug markets
onion market darknet market list
darknet drug market tor markets 2022
tor markets 2022 darkmarket list
deep web drug store dark web sites
darkmarket url darknet websites
dark market dark market 2022
darknet marketplace dark market link
deep web drug links darknet drug links
deep web markets deep web drug url
tor market darkmarket url
darkmarkets darkmarket list
darknet market lists onion market
darknet market darkmarket
deep web drug store drug markets dark web
dark market onion dark market
darkmarket url dark markets 2022
darkmarket url dark websites
tor markets 2022 dark web market list
tor markets 2022 dark web drug marketplace
darknet websites dark websites
darknet drug links dark web market list
darknet websites deep web drug markets
dark market darknet marketplace
darknet site dark markets 2022
darknet market lists darkweb marketplace
dark web links darknet market
darkmarket list drug markets onion
dark web markets tor marketplace
dark web drug marketplace dark web links
best darknet markets darkmarket list
drug markets onion deep web drug markets
darknet sites tor market url
deep dark web darkmarket url
tor market drug markets dark web
darknet market darknet websites
tor market dark web market links
dark market url darknet market links
tor markets 2022 tor markets 2022
deep web drug store deep dark web
darkmarket 2022 deep web drug markets
deep web markets dark market
darknet market links drug markets onion
darknet site darkmarket list
dark markets 2022 darknet market links
deep web drug markets tor market url
tor market links darknet market lists
darknet market deep web drug store
darknet marketplace darkmarket list
deep web markets darkmarket list
deep web drug url dark web market links
darknet drug links darknet drug store
dark market 2022 darknet drug links
onion market deep web markets
tor darknet darknet markets
tor market url tor market url
onion market deep web drug store
dark web sites links dark market link
darknet drug store tor markets
dark web link dark market link
deep web drug links best darknet markets
darkmarket link darkmarket 2022
tor markets 2022 darknet markets
bitcoin dark web tor market url
dark markets dark web markets
dark markets 2022 dark web market list
darkmarket 2022 darkmarkets
tor markets tor markets links
darkmarket 2022 darknet market lists
darknet market list darknet market lists
darknet marketplace darkmarket url
dark web market list deep web drug store
deep web drug store dark market
darkmarket 2022 tor market url
darkmarket darkmarket
deep web drug store darknet sites
darknet markets dark web sites
dark market darknet websites
darkmarkets darkmarket url
dark web link darknet websites
deep web drug links darkmarket list
drug markets dark web dark market onion
dark web drug marketplace darkmarket link
darknet drug market darkmarket
tor dark web tor dark web
darknet sites dark web markets
dark web market list darknet market
darknet drug links darkmarket link
deep dark web deep web markets
darkmarket link tor market links
tor markets darkmarkets
dark market url tor markets
darkmarkets dark market 2022
tor market url darknet markets
dark market tor market links
dark market list darknet drug links
dark web sites darkmarket
dark market url darknet market list
deep web drug store dark websites
dark web market list darknet sites
dark market tor markets
deep web drug url dark web market links
drug markets onion tor darknet
darknet websites dark web market links
darknet websites deep web drug links
dark web market dark market url
deep dark web darknet site
dark market url tor markets
dark web link dark market url
darknet site deep web drug url
darknet drug market dark web market
best darknet markets dark web link
darkmarket darknet drug links
drug markets onion darknet drug links
dark web market links dark market
darkmarket url dark web market list
darknet site darknet site
darknet site tor market url
tor darknet darknet market
tor markets 2022 darknet site
darknet drug links tor markets links
darknet drug links darkweb marketplace
dark markets tor markets
deep web drug url dark web sites links
darknet site dark market list
dark web link darknet drug store
tor market url darkmarket
darknet site dark markets 2022
dark web link darkmarket link
bitcoin dark web deep web drug links
tor markets links darkmarket list
darknet market links best darknet markets
darknet sites darkweb marketplace
darkmarket link deep dark web
tor markets tor markets
darkweb marketplace dark web sites
darkmarket url darkmarket 2022
dark web market list darkmarket list
dark markets darknet market
dark web market links tor market
darkweb marketplace dark web market links
tor dark web dark web links
dark web markets darknet market lists
dark market url dark web links
bitcoin dark web deep web markets
deep web markets darknet market
dark web market links darknet markets
darknet markets tor darknet
darkmarket 2022 darknet drug store
darkmarket deep web drug store
darknet market darknet drug store
darknet sites deep web drug links
darkmarket deep dark web
dark web drug marketplace tor market
dark market url drug markets onion
tor market darknet marketplace
dark web links dark web sites links
darknet drug market darknet drug store
darknet drug links dark web markets
dark web market list darknet market links
darkmarket darknet markets
deep web drug markets dark web market links
darknet drug store darkmarket
darknet market links deep web drug links
darknet drug market darknet market list
dark websites dark market 2022
tor markets 2022 deep web drug markets
darknet market list drug markets onion
dark market link drug markets dark web
darkmarket list darknet marketplace
dark websites darknet markets
darkweb marketplace tor markets 2022
tor darknet onion market
dark market onion tor darknet
deep web drug store darkmarket
tor marketplace deep web markets
onion market darkweb marketplace
darknet market lists dark web markets
dark web markets dark web links
deep dark web darkweb marketplace
deep web drug store dark web markets
bitcoin dark web dark market list
deep web drug links dark web sites links
dark websites deep dark web
darknet site darknet market lists
dark websites darkmarket list
darknet site dark markets
drug markets dark web darknet marketplace
darkmarket 2022 darkweb marketplace
dark web market links darkmarket
dark web market list deep dark web
tor market links darknet market list
dark markets 2022 dark market link
dark web markets deep dark web
darkmarket deep web markets
darkmarket list darknet drug store
darkmarkets dark market link
darkmarket list tor market links
drug markets dark web tor market url
tor markets links darknet drug market
tor markets deep web markets
deep dark web deep web markets
tor markets darkmarket list
dark market link darkmarket list
darknet drug store tor markets 2022
dark market 2022 deep web drug markets
dark web markets drug markets onion
darkmarket dark market list
dark web market list darknet site
darknet drug market darkmarket 2022
darkmarket url tor marketplace
dark web links dark markets 2022
darkmarket deep dark web
dark market link dark markets 2022
dark web sites links darkweb marketplace
darkmarket bitcoin dark web
dark markets 2022 dark market
dark websites darknet marketplace
dark web market dark web link
darknet market links best darknet markets
darkmarket drug markets onion
darknet websites darknet market links
dark web market list darkweb marketplace
tor dark web dark web market links
darkmarkets onion market
deep web drug store darknet markets
darknet drug market deep dark web
dark web market darkmarket list
dark web sites links dark web links
tor markets links tor market
deep web drug store tor dark web
deep web markets darknet marketplace
tor markets 2022 darkmarket url
darknet websites darknet market links
dark market url bitcoin dark web
tor markets 2022 dark web link
darknet drug market dark market
dark websites darkmarket url
dark web link dark websites
deep web drug store dark websites
dark market url darkmarket list
drug markets dark web darknet market list
bitcoin dark web darkmarket url
deep web drug store dark market 2022
darkmarket list tor marketplace
dark web sites dark markets
tor market links deep web drug url
dark web link tor markets 2022
best darknet markets deep web drug links
dark market list darknet drug store
darknet drug market dark web drug marketplace
bitcoin dark web dark web market
darknet drug store dark web links
darkmarket url darknet marketplace
dark market 2022 darknet drug market
darknet market list tor market links
darkmarket link dark web link
darknet drug store darkmarket 2022
darkmarket url darknet drug store
dark web drug marketplace deep dark web
dark web link tor market
deep web drug url tor darknet
tor markets 2022 darknet market lists
darknet market lists dark web links
darknet websites bitcoin dark web
drug markets dark web darknet sites
dark websites darknet site
darknet drug links deep web drug markets
tor dark web darknet websites
dark web market list darknet market lists
darknet drug links dark market 2022
tor market darkweb marketplace
dark market tor dark web
darkmarket url tor markets 2022
dark web market links dark web market list
darknet market lists dark web market
darknet sites darknet drug market
dark market dark market list
tor markets 2022 darknet drug market
darknet markets dark markets
tor market url darkmarket url
dark market darknet drug market
dark web sites links dark web link
tor dark web darkmarkets
dark market link darkmarket 2022
dark web market deep web drug links
darkmarkets darkweb marketplace
darknet websites darkweb marketplace
darkmarket link dark market onion
tor market url darkmarket link
darkmarkets tor markets
deep web drug markets darkmarket url
dark market 2022 dark web market list
best darknet markets darkweb marketplace
darknet drug store tor dark web
dark web market list tor markets 2022
darknet market darkmarkets
tor markets 2022 darknet sites
drug markets dark web darknet drug store
tor dark web best darknet markets
darknet markets tor marketplace
deep web drug store tor market links
dark web sites links onion market
dark market url dark web drug marketplace
tor markets 2022 dark market
darknet market dark web market links
bitcoin dark web darkmarket list
dark web markets darknet drug market
darknet sites deep web markets
darknet drug market deep web drug markets
onion market dark web market links